In what way do wetlands contribute to flood protection?

Wetlands play a vital role in flood protection primarily because they absorb and store excess rainwater. During periods of heavy rainfall, wetlands act like natural sponges, capturing and holding excess water that might otherwise contribute to flooding in surrounding areas. This storage capacity helps to moderate the flow of water, reducing the peak flow rate downstream and lowering the risk of flood damage.

Additionally, wetlands allow water to gradually infiltrate into the soil and recharge groundwater supplies, which further helps in managing water levels during storm events. The ability of wetlands to mitigate flooding makes them essential components of watershed management and emphasizes their importance in ecological systems.